IRAQI JOURNAL OF DESERT STUDIES

Abstract

Seven genotypes of bread wheat (IPA 99, Abu – Ghraib-33, sham 6, Ezz, latifiyah, Fateh and (wheat 17), as well as six genotypes of durum wheat viz. cultivar (Dor 85) and five mutants (38, 53, 7, 49 and 82) were sown. These were sown in two separate experiments in winter season 13 December 2011-2012 in Ouasel location which represents Agro-desert environment in Anbar province.This location had depended on artesian water to irrigate crops .The objective of this study were to investigate the growth and the productivity of these genotypes at this environment.The application of combined fertilizer (DAP) N-P2O5-K (0-46-18) % added 200 kg.h-1once and without addition. Genotypes were arranged in main plots, but application DAP and without were taken up in sub plots, using RCBD with three replicates. 120 kg seeds ha-1 were broadcasted. Result revealed that in Bread wheat genotypes. Wheat 17 was significantly superior in chlorophyll, area of flag leaf and spike length as 60.3, 27.3cm2and 13.1 cm respectively. Alezz genotype also significantly gave the highest average of plant height, 1000 grain weight of 65.9 cm and 46.0 gm, respectively. Furthermore, sham 6 significantly gave the highest average of spike number about 359.5 spike .m2 and IPA 99 gave the highest grain number per spike at 61.3 grain. The application of DAP increased average of all tested traits except 1000 grain weight and harvest index .The interactive combination of Latifiya with 200 kg ha-1 significantly gave the highest yield as 3.2 ton.ha-1. In the durum wheat experiment, mutant 53 was superior in chlorophyll at 61.2 and mutant 49 significantly had the highest grain number per spike at 52.4, 1000 grain weight as 35.4 gm., grain yield at 2.1 ton ha-1 and harvest index at 36.7%. It could be concluded that the genotypes of bread and durum wheat were significantly grown which gave satisfied yield there by application of DAP fertilizer. However the irrigation at wide agricultural areas in this desert environment with surface method wasn’t economic which consumed large quantities of water. Therefore, it could be recommended that the decisions makers should find suitable solutions to reduce water consumption and economically invested using modern irrigation systems to increase the production.