IRAQI JOURNAL OF DESERT STUDIES

Abstract

Salinity is one of the major problems of Iraqi agriculture, especially in central and southern Iraq, including the study area (Ali Al-Gharbi district) in Missan province, as this problem is considered one of the problems impeding agricultural production, as most agricultural lands are subject to different degrees of salinity due to Natural and human conditions such as the prevailing climatic conditions represented by high temperatures and evaporation, the Topography and the vegetation and the salinity of irrigation water in addition to the lack of effective drainage and drainage networks and high levels of ground water and poor management of soil and water and other reasons that lead to soil salinity. The effect of soil salts on plants begins with the accumulation of a large amount of salts in the soil. Boring it becomes difficult for plants to absorb water, and these salts must be kept away from the plant roots ( Rhizosphere ) in the region by adding more water during the washing process, which reduces their forgetting in the soil and the soil becomes effective for agricultural production. The quality of irrigation water is also an important factor that helps to salinize the agricultural soil, as this water contains different quantities and types of salts, it is natural that part of it will be left on the agricultural land due to the continuous use of it, especially in irrigated agricultural areas and under the conditions of dry climate and semi Dry, when the amount of salts added to the soil through irrigation water exceeds the amount of salts removed by natural or artificial puncture and by crops being harvested, this leads to the accumulation of salts in the soil in the future.